DESCRIPTION
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
-a, --all
do not hide entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..
--author
print the author of each file
-b, --escape
print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks
-B, --ignore-backups
do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of
file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name
otherwise: sort by ctime
-C list entries by columns
-d, --directory
list directory entries instead of contents
-D, --dired
generate output designed for Emacsâ dired mode
-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
-F, --classify
append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
--format=WORD
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1,
verbose -l, vertical -C
--full-time
like -l --time-style=full-iso
-g like -l, but do not list owner
-G, --no-group
inhibit display of group information
-h, --human-readable
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-H, --dereference-command-line
follow symbolic links on the command line
--indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)
-i, --inode
print index number of each file
-I, --ignore=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k like --block-size=1K
-l use a long listing format
-L, --dereference
when showing file information for a symbolic link, show informa-
tion for the file the link references rather than for the link
itself
-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
like -l, but list numeric UIDs and GIDs
-N, --literal
print raw entry names (donât treat e.g. control characters spe-
cially)
-o like -l, but do not list group information
-p, --file-type
append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
-q, --hide-control-chars
print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars
show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is
âlsâ and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name
enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell,
shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse
reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive
list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size
print size of each file, in blocks
-S sort by file size
--sort=WORD
extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v
status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u
--time=WORD
show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access,
use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if
--sort=time
--time-style=STYLE
show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale,
+FORMAT
FORMAT is interpreted like âdateâ; if FORMAT is FORMAT1
line>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to
recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with âposix-â, STYLE takes
effect only outside the POSIX locale
-t sort by modification time
-T, --tabsize=COLS
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access
time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time
-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v sort by version
-w, --width=COLS
assume screen width instead of current value
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 list one file per line
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
